Bhairava Raga for Summer

In this segment, I am to present the third figurative model of Indian classical music, known as the Bhairava Raga. The tune is for the summer season. In the previous episode, I said that miniature artists were suitably impressed by the myth of Lord Krishna when they represented the symbolic form of Basant Raga due to its geographical location. However, in their attempt to depict Bhairava on canvas, these artists were motivated by their imaginative perception of Lord Shiva. What was the rationale behind this choice? The answer lies in a precise description provided by an anonymous author regarding this Raga, which bears striking similarity with Lord Shiva's persona. Another reason behind this unique fabrication was that Lord Shiva is regarded as a symbol of peace and satiety based on the perspective of Hindu sages. It also represents rigidity and frenzy during the summer; hence, it embodies two opposing characters - an exciting and incredible combination!

Based on Hindu mythology, Lord Shiva symbolizes the cataclysm of the last day of our universe. Perhaps it is very close to the concept of resurrection. Additionally, it is believed that it emanated directly from the face of Lord Shiva.

Furthermore, this symbolic model features four hands; in his upper left hand, he holds a chain of Rudraksha fruit that helps him concentrate intensely while playing music. In his upper right hand is fire, symbolizing the intensity of summer's heat waves, while in his lower left hand is Trishul - a three-headed weapon that represents destruction or three characters: morality, work attribute judgment, and gloom/darkness from left to right, respectively. The relative image I inserted here does not match; however, the description I found in the ancient scripture has been modified several times by the artists.

Raga Bhairava. Rajasthan,

Kotah school, late 18th century.

 He wears a tiger skin as attire, representing Naga hermits who keep their bodies naked out of respect for Lord Shiva. I had depicted Bhairava, accompanied by his first wife, Bhairavi, who completed her morning prayers before sunrise and began entertaining Raga Bhairava with her lute-playing skills. She resembles Parvati- Lord Shiva's consort- in character and demeanour.

Lord Shiva is often depicted with a calm and tranquil aura, embodying peace and serenity. However, the earliest Indian artists presented a strikingly different interpretation of him, envisioning him as a formidable and fierce presence. This dynamic representation, known as "Nataraj," has its roots in a poignant mythological narrative surrounding the death of his beloved wife, Parvati. Beyond its mythic origins, this depiction also serves as a profound symbol of the summer season, reflecting the energies of transformation and renewal.

The Nataraj form is a stunning artistic portrayal of Lord Shiva engaged in an intricate dance, often characterized by flowing movements that evoke both grace and intensity. This dance not only captures the rhythm of creation but also expresses powerful emotions such as anger, outrage, and destruction. The Nataraj has transcended its mythological context to become an integral element of Indian classical dance, with performers embodying the essence of this fierce yet captivating figure, illustrating the complex balance between creation and destruction within the universe.

Nataraja, Chola Dynasty

The miniature artists of India, known for their remarkable creativity, often took liberties with the author's original vision when translating the rhythm onto canvas. In many of the earliest masterpieces, instead of a literal interpretation, these artists infused their imaginative flair into the depictions, at times even opting for unique representations of Lord Shiva himself. Despite straying from the original narrative, it is abundantly clear that these skilled artisans possessed an extraordinary ability to distill the essence of the rhythm they sought to capture, showcasing their unparalleled artistic talent in every brushstroke.

There are some significant aspects of the Bhairava Raga, which I want to share:

Characteristics of Bhairava Raga:-

1. Time to perform - Best performed during the first prahar (period) of the morning, from approximately 6 AM to 9 AM.

2. Mood - Serious, majestic, masculine, and devotional. It can also have a soothing and refreshing essence.

3. Notes - Uses komal Rishabh (rr𝑟) and komal Dhaivat (dd𝑑) along with all other shuddha (natural) notes.

4. Parent Raga - Bhairava is a primary raga, meaning it is the male raga from which many other ragas are derived, such as Ahir Bhairava, Anand Bhairava, and Gauri Bhairava, who are considered as the wives of Bhairava Raga.

Now enjoy a demonstration of this beautiful musical rhythm of Raga Bhairava in Santoor. Just listen and refresh your mind instantly.

In the upcoming episode, I will delve into the intricacies of Megh Raga - the fourth rhythm in Indian classical music. This musical composition boasts a fascinating historical anecdote that took place during Emperor Akbar's reign.

Let me know how you enjoy this beautiful and refreshing musical rhythm, along with the figurative form of this tune. It's an Indian classical music that features the classic Indian culture. How do you delve into its rhythmic vibe?